Exhaust EmissionsTask 3 P4Petrol and diesel engines work in slightly :: Design and Technology

Exhaust EmissionsTask 3 P4Petrol and diesel engines work in slightly disparate ways and burn different fuels, so they constitute different relinquishsPetrol and diesel engines work in slightly different ways and burndifferent fuels, so they produce different exhausts. Comp ared with natural gas engines, diesel engines produce smaller amounts of unburnt andpartially burnt fuel and ignore produce more nitrogen oxides and largeamounts of smoke. These particles consist of porn, hydro hundreds,sulphur-based chemicals and erratic organic compounds.Heavy duty diesel vehicles, such as trucks, can be very pollutingbecause they produce large amounts of particulates and nitrogenoxides. diesel motor exhaust has also been shown to be a probable cause ofcancer.WHAT ARE diesel ENGINE EXHAUST EMISSIONS?Cold Start Emissions - Starting and driving a vehicle the first fewminutes results in higher(prenominal) emissions because the emissions controlequipment has not yet reached its optimal operat ing temperature.Running Emissions - Pollutants are emitted from the vehicles exhaustduring driving and idling after the vehicle is warmed up.Diesel engine exhaust emissions are a mixture of gases, vapors, liquidaerosols and substances do up of particles. They contain theproducts of combustion including* carbon* nitrogen* water* carbon monoxide* aldehydes* nitrogen dioxide* sulphur dioxide* Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsThe carbon particle or soot content varies from 60% to 80% dependingon the fuel used and the eccentric of engine. Most of the contaminants areadsorbed onto the soot. Petrol engines produce more carbon monoxide moreover much less soot than diesel engines.WHAT FACTORS AFFECT THE COMPOSITION OF diesel FUMES?* the quality of diesel fuel used* the type of engine, e.g. standard, turbo or injector* the state of engine tuning* the fuel pump setting* the workload demand on the engine* the engine temperature* Whether the engine has been regularly maintained.WHAT DOES THE colour in OF THE SMOKE PRODUCED INDICATE?Smoke is the product of combustion. Vehicles at a work mayproduce terce kinds of smoke, two of which indicate engine problems.The three types are* Blue smoke (mainly oil and unburnt fuel). This indicates that the vehicle has been poorly serviced and/or a tuned engine* Black smoke (soot, oil and unburnt fuel). This indicates there is a mechanical fault with the engine* White smoke (water droplets and unburnt fuel) which is produced when the engine is started from wintry and disappears when the engine warms upExhaust fumes are just wizard of the ways CO2 adds to climate changeNot only do vehicles cause localised air pollution, they are alsoresponsible for a large proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.